EFFECTS OF URBAN SPRAWL AND PROXIMITY OF DUMPSITES ON GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN DUTSE TOWN, JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33003/jees.2025.0202/002Keywords:
Dumpsites, Groundwater, Heavy metal, Jigawa State, Urban SprawlAbstract
The study examines the relationship between changes in land use from 2015 to 2025 and groundwater quality, especially near the Dutse Ultra-Modern Market Dumpsite, where commercial activities have multiplied due to urban sprawl and increased waste generation. The study also accounts for proximity effects. Only four groundwater sources were available and therefore, were taken as the sampling points. The parameters selected are: copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, iron, and manganese, due to their relevance in groundwater quality assessment, and the American Public Health Association (APHA) method was utilised. The study was triggered by reported changes in groundwater sources near the dumpsites by communities around the Dutse-Ultra Modern Market. The land use and land cover change results indicate urban expansion between 2015 and 2025, with a notable increase in built-up areas from 41.9302 Km² to 66.906 km². However, the results of the water quality analysis show that all selected parameters were within the recommended permissible limits of the WHO and NSDWQ drinking water standards, except for iron and manganese, which were elevated, particularly at sample point A. In this sample point (borehole A), iron concentration exceeded the permissible limit (0.112; WHO 1), whilst manganese has surpassed the highest desirable level but is within the maximum permissible limit (0.349; WHO 0.5). It is suspected that the proximity of sample point A (Lat. 0537328, Long. 1292669) to the dumpsites was the contributing factor for the escalated concentration of iron and manganese in sample A (Figure 1). It was recommended that water sources, such as boreholes and wells, should be located away from dumpsites.
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