OCCURRENCE OF HEATWAVES IN KANO METROPOLIS, KANO STATE, NIGERIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33003/jees.2025.0201/08Keywords:
Heatwave, Kano metropolis, Temporal, TemperatureAbstract
The study analysed the occurrences of heatwaves in the metropolitan Kano between 1991 and 2010 to devise a mitigation protocol for this menace. Daily maximum temperature was taken at the synoptic hours (12 noon to 3:00 pm) during the period (March, April and May) of extreme heat (hot and dry). These temperature values were used to extract the period of heat waves using the 95th percentile thresholds. The maximum temperature data concerning heatwave occurrences were obtained from the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA) databases. The period from 2002 to 2009 experienced a high number of heatwave occurrences, with consecutive 26 days of 40.8 °C. Heatwaves typically occur in April and May. This implies that April and May were identified as the periods when the occurrence of heatwaves is intense in Kano. One of the key strategies to mitigate heatwaves is to enhance the early warning system for heatwaves, as this can help people take preventive measures, such as staying hydrated and avoiding outdoor activities during the hottest times of the day. Additionally, the government should invest in creating more cooling shelters and green spaces, particularly in urban areas, to provide relief during heat waves. Awareness campaigns about the risks of heatwaves and how to stay safe during such events are essential. This can include promoting lifestyle changes such as using light-coloured, loose-fitting clothing. Moreover, incorporating knowledge of the effects of heat waves into schools’ curricula can help mitigate them. It will provide the general public with firsthand information on the dangers associated with heat waves and possible methods for mitigating them.
References
Abbasnia, M., Tavousi, T., Khosravi, M., Toros, H. (2016). Spatial-temporal analysis of heatwaves in Iran over the last three decades. National Environmental Change. 2(1), 25-33.
Ahmed, M. (2010). Creating a GIS application for Local healthcare planning in Kano Metropolis. An unpublished PGD GIS/Remote sensing Thesis, submitted to the Department of Geography, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Aminu, H. (2022). Investigation of Heatwave Occurrences and Related Human Responses in Kano Metropolis. An Unpublished MSc. Dissertation, Submitted to the Department of Geography, Faculty of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Aliko Dangote University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Kano State
Balogun, R., Ajayi, V., Samson, A. (2016). Investigation of heatwave characteristics over selected stations in Nigeria. Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science, 4(1), 1-22.
Gbode, E. I., Akintomide, A. A., & Vincent, A.O. (2010). Recent Changes of Some Observed Climate Extreme Events in Kano. Hindawai Publishing Cooperation, International Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, page 6.
Hayhoe, K., Sheridan, S., Kalsktein, L., & Greene, S. (2010). Climate Change, Heatwave and Mortality Projections for Chicago. Journal of Great Lakes Research, (36), pp 65-7
heatwaves: a survey of awareness, knowledge, and practices of health professionals
Ibrahim, J. E., McInnes, J.A., Andrianopoulos, N., & Evans, S. (2011). Minimising harm from heatwaves: a survey of awareness, knowledge and practices of health professionals and care providers in Victoria, Australia. Int J Public Health.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007). The Physical Science Basis: Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC. Cambridge University Press.
Olofin, E., Tanko, A.I. (2002). Some aspects of the physical geography of the Kano region and related responses. Handbook for Students: Field Trip, Geography Department, Bayero University, Kano.
Rensch & Cai (2012). Severe heatwaves in Southern Australia: Synoptic Climatology and Large Scale Connections. Climate Dynamic, 38(1-2), 209-224.
